fnmatch(3)                                            Library Functions Manual                                           fnmatch(3)

NAME
       fnmatch - match filename or pathname

LIBRARY
       Standard C library (libc, -lc)

SYNOPSIS
       #include <fnmatch.h>

       int fnmatch(const char *pattern, const char *string, int flags);

DESCRIPTION
       The  fnmatch()  function  checks whether the string argument matches the pattern argument, which is a shell wildcard pattern
       (see glob(7)).

       The flags argument modifies the behavior; it is the bitwise OR of zero or more of the following flags:

       FNM_NOESCAPE
              If this flag is set, treat backslash as an ordinary character, instead of an escape character.

       FNM_PATHNAME
              If this flag is set, match a slash in string only with a slash in pattern and not by an asterisk (*)  or  a  question
              mark (?) metacharacter, nor by a bracket expression ([]) containing a slash.

       FNM_PERIOD
              If  this  flag is set, a leading period in string has to be matched exactly by a period in pattern.  A period is con‐
              sidered to be leading if it is the first character in string, or if both FNM_PATHNAME is set and the  period  immedi‐
              ately follows a slash.

       FNM_FILE_NAME
              This is a GNU synonym for FNM_PATHNAME.

       FNM_LEADING_DIR
              If  this  flag  (a GNU extension) is set, the pattern is considered to be matched if it matches an initial segment of
              string which is followed by a slash.  This flag is mainly for the internal use of glibc and is  implemented  only  in
              certain cases.

       FNM_CASEFOLD
              If this flag (a GNU extension) is set, the pattern is matched case-insensitively.

       FNM_EXTMATCH
              If  this  flag (a GNU extension) is set, extended patterns are supported, as introduced by 'ksh' and now supported by
              other shells.  The extended format is as follows, with pattern-list being a '|' separated list of patterns.

       '?(pattern-list)'
              The pattern matches if zero or one occurrences of any of the patterns in the pattern-list match the input string.

       '*(pattern-list)'
              The pattern matches if zero or more occurrences of any of the patterns in the pattern-list match the input string.

       '+(pattern-list)'
              The pattern matches if one or more occurrences of any of the patterns in the pattern-list match the input string.

       '@(pattern-list)'
              The pattern matches if exactly one occurrence of any of the patterns in the pattern-list match the input string.

       '!(pattern-list)'
              The pattern matches if the input string cannot be matched with any of the patterns in the pattern-list.

RETURN VALUE
       Zero if string matches pattern, FNM_NOMATCH if there is no match or another nonzero value if there is an error.

ATTRIBUTES
       For an explanation of the terms used in this section, see attributes(7).

       ┌──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┬───────────────┬────────────────────┐
       │Interface                                                                             │ Attribute     │ Value              │
       ├──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┼───────────────┼────────────────────┤
       │fnmatch()                                                                             │ Thread safety │ MT-Safe env locale │
       └──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┴───────────────┴────────────────────┘

STANDARDS
       POSIX.1-2001, POSIX.1-2008, POSIX.2.  The FNM_FILE_NAME, FNM_LEADING_DIR, and FNM_CASEFOLD flags are GNU extensions.

SEE ALSO
       sh(1), glob(3), scandir(3), wordexp(3), glob(7)

Linux man-pages 6.03                                         2022-12-15                                                  fnmatch(3)